 | ||
GNSS Concept
- Almanac - Includes coarse orbit and status information for all satellites in the constellation.
- Ephemeris - Contains precise orbital information for the transmitting satellite only.
- Identification - Each satellite transmits a unique PRN code to differentiate their signals.
- Timestamp - Provides the date and time from an on-board atomic clock.
- The Master Control Station is the central control node for the GNSS constellation, and is responsible for all aspects of constellation command and control.
- Monitoring Stations distributed around the world are equipped with atomic clocks and GNSS receivers tasked with continously collecting local atmoshperic data and satellite navigation signals that are then sent to the Master Control Station for processing.
- Ground Antennas located at some Monitoring Station locations are used to transmit commands and processed navigation data received from the Master Control Station to the satellites in orbit.
- When powered on, the GPSr starts listening for signals from a satellite list created using position and time data stored in the Almanac. If the expected signals are not located, the GPSr will begin cycling from one satellite to the next until a signal is found. A fresh Almanac can then be downloaded in about 13 minutes time.
- After the expected signals are aquired, the GPSr will begin loading ephemeris data from each individual satellite. This operation normally requires less than a minute to complete.
- The distance to individual satellites can now be determined by comparing the time each signal was transmitted with the time it was received (Signal Travel Time x Speed of Light = Distance to Satellite).
- Once the GPSr has the distances and locations to four satellites, an absolute position calculation can be performed using trilateration.
- To achieve a desireable level of accuracy, the GPSr clock would have to match the accuracy of the atomic clocks used in each satellite. Since this is not currently possible, the GPSr simply borrows the clock signal from one additional satellite for timing and synchronization purposes. This is why a minimum of four satellite signals are required to calculate an estimated position, and five are necessary for an absolute position.
Space Segment
-
All Global
Navigation Satellite Systems
(GNSS) utilize a number of satellites orbiting the Earth along
pre-defined paths. Each of these Space Vehicles (SV) transmits specific
information needed by GPS receivers (GPSr) to calculate their
position:
Control Segment
-
Also commonly referred to as the Ground Segment or Operational Control Segment, this global
network of terrestrial based facilities track, monitor, analyze and transmit commands and
data to the satellites in orbit to maintain proper GNSS system operation.
User Segment
-
While the concept of using a device powered by a pair of AA batteries to
accurately calculate your position within a few feet by processing
signals transmitted at the speed of light from satellites orbiting more
than ten thousand miles above you while travelling through space at
velocities in excess of 7,000 mph sounds simple enough...
Satellite Constellations
Your Global Positioning
System receiver (GPSr) must
utilize information transmitted from one or more satellite constellations (which
is best?) to accurately and precisely calculate your current position. Which systems are used and the number of satellite signals available will
directly impact
device performance and accuracy. See this
Garmin GPS Guide for beginners to learn
more about how these systems work.
GPS
The Global Positioning System is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The original concept for a Defense Navigation Satellite System (DNSS) in September 1973 was later named Navstar (NAVigation System using Timing And Ranging), then Navstar-GPS to identify the constellation of Navstar satellites, and eventually shortened simply to GPS. Achieving initial operational capability (IOC) in December 1993, Full Operational Capability (FOC) was declared by Air Force Space Command (AFSPC) in April 1995. The highest quality signals were reserved for military use, and the signal available for civilian use was intentionally degraded. Selective Availability was discontinued on May 2, 2000, allowing users to receive a non-degraded signal globally. GPS is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver.GLONASS
The GLObal NAvigation Satellite System is a space-based satellite navigation system operated by the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. It both complements and provides an alternative to the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS) and is the only alternative navigational system in operation with global coverage and comparable precision. GLONASS initially achieved Full Operational Capability (FOC) in December, 1995. Financial difficulties crippled the Russian space program, leaving them with only 6 operational satellites by 2001. In 2010, GLONASS had achieved 100% coverage of Russia's territory, and by October 2011, the full orbital constellation of 24 satellites was restored, enabling full global coverage.Galileo
Galileo is the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that is being created by the European Union (EU) through the European GNSS Agency (GSA), headquartered in Prague in the Czech Republic, with two ground operations centres, Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich in Germany and Fucino in Italy. The project is named after the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei. Galileo is intended to provide an independent high-precision positioning system so European nations do not have to rely on the Russian GLONASS, Chinese BeiDou or US GPS systems. The first Galileo test satellite, the GIOVE-A, was launched 28 December 2005, while the first satellite to be part of the operational system was launched on 21 October 2011. As of July 2018, 26 of the planned 30 active satellites were in orbit. Galileo started offering Early Operational Capability (EOC) on 15 December 2016, providing initial services with a weak signal, and is expected to reach Full Operational Capability (FOC) in 2019.BeiDou
The original Chinese BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) BeiDou-1 consisted of three satellites and offered limited coverage and services from 2000 through 2012. The second generation BeiDou-2 (COMPASS) system became operational to China in December 2011 with a partial constellation of 10 satellites, and has been providing services to the Asia-Pacific region since December 2012. China's third generation BeiDou-3 system began providing global services on December 27, 2018. The final BDS-3 satellite was launched into orbit on June 23, 2020, completing the newest alternative to GPS, GLONASS and Galileo.NavIC
NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is the operational name for the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), with a space segment consisting of eight satellites. Three satellites are positioned in Geostationary orbit (GEO), while another five satellites operate in an Inclined Geosynchronous orbit (IGSO). Future expansion plans include the development and deployment of five additional satellites in the short term, with long term aspirations of a Global Indian Navigation System (GINS) constellation consisting of 24 satellites.Iridium
Iridium is the only mobile voice and data satellite communications network that spans the entire globe. It is comprised of six polar orbiting planes, each containing 11 crosslinked satellites totaling 66 in the operational constellation, creating a web of coverage around the Earth. Iridium enables connections between people, organizations and assets to and from anywhere, in real time.GBAS
The Ground Based Augmentation System (also referred to as Local Area Augmentation System in U.S.) is intended primarily to support precision aviation approach operations. GBAS information is transmitted using VHF signals most handheld Garmin GPS receivers are not equipped to receive.SBAS
A Satellite Based Augmentation System supports wide-area or regional augmentation through the use of additional satellite-broadcast messages.-
WAAS
- The Wide Area Augmentation System is a satellite based augmentation system (SBAS) jointly developed by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
- WAAS was commissioned for use on July 10, 2003.
- Visit GPSrChive WAAS discussion forum.
EGNOS
- The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service is a satellite based augmentation system (SBAS) developed by the European Space Agency, the European Commission, and EUROCONTROL.
- EGNOS satellites transmit differential correction data to improve the accuracy of positions derived from US GPS satellite signals while providing users with GPS signal reliability information.
- EGNOS operations were initiated in July 2005.
- An EGNOS Data Access Service was made available in July 2012.
- Visit GPSrChive EGNOS discussion forum.
MSAS
- The Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System is a Japanese satellite based augmentation system (SBAS) commissioned on September 27, 2007.
- MSAS uses a Dual PRN Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT) and a network of ground stations to augment GPS signals over Japan.
- Visit GPSrChive MSAS discussion forum.
GAGAN
- The GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation is a regional satellite based augmentation system (SBAS) implemented by the government of India.
- GAGAN consists of 3 geostationary satellites, 15 reference stations, 3 uplink stations and 2 control centers.
- GAGAN is compatible with other SBAS systems (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS).
- The final satellite in the constellation was launched November 10, 2015.
- Visit GPSrChive GAGAN discussion forum.
SDCM
- The Russian System for Differential Corrections and Monitoring is an integral component of GLONASS.
- SDCM differentiates itself from other SBAS systems by performing integrity monitoring of both GPS and GLONASS satellites.
- Visit GPSrChive SDCM discussion forum.
SNAS
- China is currently in the process of developing their Satellite Navigation Augmentation System under the BeiDou program.
- Visit GPSrChive SNAS discussion forum.
QZSS
- The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System ("Michibiki") is a satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) developed by the Japanese government.
- QZSS primary focus is to enhance the United States operated Global Positioning System (GPS) in the Asia-Oceania regions.
- A four satellite QZSS service officially started on November 1, 2018.
- A seven satellite QZSS service independent of the United States GPS is planned for 2023.
- View available QZSS satellites.
- Visit GPSrChive QZSS discussion forum.
SouthPAN
- The Southern Positioning Augmentation Network (SouthPAN) is a joint initiative of the Australian and New Zealand governments to provide a Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) for Australia and New Zealand.
- On 26 September 2022, SouthPAN early Open Services became live, with safety-of-life certified SouthPAN services planned for 2028.
- SouthPAN is the first SBAS in the Southern Hemisphere.
- Visit GPSrChive SouthPAN discussion forum.
Satellite Identification
Have you ever considered what the numbers assigned to each GPS satellite on your Garmin GPSr represent, or how they are determined?PRN
- Most global positioning systems use a form of spread-spectrum or code-division multiple access (CDMA) communications where each signal source is modulated by a pseudo-random noise (PRN) code.
- The PRN code (along with other encoded sub codes) dithers the L1 carrier (or the coarse-acquisition carrier) of the signal.
- All receivers listen on the same L1 frequency, but they sort out the satellite signals by demodulating them according to their PRN encoding.
NMEA
- Garmin GPS receivers employing the NMEA 0183 specification assign each GPS satellite signal a unique NMEA identification number based on the satellite PRN number (GPS, Galileo, SBAS) or slot number (GLONASS):
|
PRN |
|
Standard Assignment |
|
NMEA |
|
Garmin Assignment |
|
Garmin NMEA Conversion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
=======
|
= |
================== |
= |
====== |
= |
================= |
= |
============================== |
|
01-32 |
|
GPS |
|
01-32 |
|
GPS |
|
NMEA = PRN |
|
33-63 |
|
GPS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64-96 |
|
GBAS |
|
65-88 |
|
GLONASS |
|
NMEA = GLONASS Slot Number + 64 |
|
97-119 |
|
GBAS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
120-138 |
|
SBAS |
|
33-51 |
|
SBAS |
|
NMEA = SBAS PRN - 87 |
|
139-158 |
|
SBAS Expansion/Testing |
|
52-71 |
|
SBAS |
|
NMEA = SBAS PRN - 87 |
|
159-210 |
|
Future GNSS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| E01-E36 | Galileo | 01-36 | Galileo | NMEA = PRN (no "E" prefix) | ||||
| C01-C60 | BeiDou | 01-60 | BeiDou | NMEA = PRN (no "C" prefix) | ||||
| I01-I08 | NavIC | 01-08 | NavIC | NMEA = PRN (no "I" prefix) | ||||
| 193-201 | QZSS | Q1-Q9 | QZSS | NMEA = "Q" + SVN |
GNSS Signals and Frequencies
| System | Signal | Frequency (MHz) |
| GPS | L1 C/A | 1575.420 |
| L1C | 1575.420 | |
| L2C | 1227.600 | |
| L2P | 1227.600 | |
| L5 | 1176.450 | |
| GLONASS | L1 C/A | 1598.0625 - 1609.3125 |
| L2C | 1242.9375 - 1251.6875 | |
| L2P | 1242.9375 - 1251.6875 | |
| L3OC | 1202.025 | |
| Galileo | E1 | 1575.420 |
| E5a | 1176.450 | |
| E5b | 1207.140 | |
| E5 AltBOC | 1191.795 | |
| E6 | 1278.750 | |
| BeiDou | B1l | 1561.098 |
| B2l | 1207.140 | |
| B3l | 1268.520 | |
| B1C | 1575.420 | |
| B2a | 1176.450 | |
| B2b | 1207.140 | |
| NavIC | L5 | 1176.450 |
| QZSS | L1 C/A | 1575.420 |
| L1C | 1575.420 | |
| L1S | 1575.420 | |
| L2C | 1227.600 | |
| L5 | 1176.450 | |
| L6 | 1278.750 | |
| SBAS | L1 | 1575.420 |
| L5 | 1176.450 | |
Satellite Tracking
- Track individual GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, NavIC and QZSS satellite locations.
- Choose a satellite from the list below to view current status, location and other detailed information.
- Compare current satellite locations against the Satellite page on your GPSr.
| PRN | NMEA | System | NORAD | Identification | Notes |
| 01 | 01 | GPS | 37753 | SVN 63 (Navstar 66) USA-232 | (IIF-D2) (2F-2) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 02 | 02 | GPS | 28474 | SVN 61 (Navstar 56) USA-180 | (IIR-D1) (2R-13) (L1C/A) (RB) |
| 03 | 03 | GPS | 40294 | SVN 69 (Navstar 72) USA-258 | (IIF-E1) (2F-8) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 04 | 04 | GPS | 43873 | SVN 74 (Navstar 77) USA-289 | (III-F4) (3-1) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) First to broadcast operational L1C signal (gpsworld) |
| 05 | 05 | GPS | 35752 | SVN 50 (Navstar 64) USA-206 | (IIRM-E3) (2R-21M) (L1C/A, L2C) (RB) |
| 06 | 06 | GPS | 39741 | SVN 67 (Navstar 70) USA-251 | (IIF-D4) (2F-6) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 07 | 07 | GPS | 32711 | SVN 48 (Navstar 62) USA-201 | (IIRM-A4) (2R-19M) (L1C/A, L2C) (RB) |
| 08 | 08 | GPS | 40730 | SVN 72 (Navstar 74) USA-262 | (IIF-C3) (2F-10) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (CS) |
| 09 | 09 | GPS | 40105 | SVN 68 (Navstar 71) USA-256 | (IIF-F3) (2F-7) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 10 | 10 | GPS | 41019 | SVN 73 (Navstar 75) USA-265 | (IIF-E2) (2F-11) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 11 | 11 | GPS | 48859 | SVN 78 (Navstar 81) USA-319 | (III-D5) (3-5) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 12 | 12 | GPS | 29601 | SVN 58 (Navstar 59) USA-192 | (IIRM-B4) (2R-16M) (L1C/A, L2C) (RB) |
| 13 | 13 | GPS | 24876 | SVN 43 (Navstar 43) USA-132 | (IIR-F6) (2R-2) (L1C/A) (RB) |
| 14 | 14 | GPS | 46826 | SVN 77 (Navstar 80) USA-309 | (III-B6) (3-4) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) Declared usable 02DEC20 (NANU 2020086) |
| 15 | 15 | GPS | 32260 | SVN 55 (Navstar 60) USA-196 | (IIRM-F2) (2R-17M) (L1C/A, L2C) (RB) |
| 16 | 16 | GPS | 27663 | SVN 56 (Navstar 51) USA-166 | (IIR-B1) (2R-8) (L1C/A) (RB) |
| 17 | 17 | GPS | 28874 | SVN 53 (Navstar 57) USA-183 | (IIRM-C4) (2R-14M) (L1C/A, L2C) (RB) |
| 18 | 18 | GPS | 44506 | SVN 75 (Navstar 78) USA-293 | (III-D6) (3-2) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) Declared usable 01APR20 (NANU 2020015) |
| 19 | 19 | GPS | 28190 | SVN 59 (Navstar 54) USA-177 | (IIR-C5) (2R-11) (L1C/A) (RB) |
| 20 | 20 | GPS | 26360 | SVN 51 (Navstar 47) USA-150 | (IIR-E4) (2R-4) (L1C/A) (RB) |
| 21 | 21 | GPS | 27704 | SVN 45 (Navstar 52) USA-168 | (IIR-D3) (2R-9) (L1C/A) (RB) |
| 22 | 22 | GPS | 26605 | SVN 41 (Navstar 49) USA-154 | (IIR-F5) (2R-6) (L1C/A) (RB) |
| 23 | 23 | GPS | 45854 | SVN 76 (Navstar 79) USA-304 | (III-E5) (3-3) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) Declared usable 01OCT20 (NANU 2020046) |
| 24 | 24 | GPS | 38833 | SVN 65 (Navstar 67) USA-239 | (IIF-A1) (2F-3) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (CS) |
| 25 | 25 | GPS | 36585 | SVN 62 (Navstar 65) USA-213 | (IIF-B2) (2F-1) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) First to broadcast operational L5 signal |
| 26 | 26 | GPS | 40534 | SVN 71 (Navstar 73) USA-260 | (IIF-B5) (2F-9) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 27 | 27 | GPS | 39166 | SVN 66 (Navstar 68) USA-242 | (IIF-C2) (2F-4) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) Launched 15MAY13, Enabled 21JUN13 |
| 28 | 28 | GPS | 26407 | SVN 44 (Navstar 48) USA-151 | (IIR) Decomissioned 23JUN21 (NANU 2021035) |
| 29 | 29 | GPS | 32384 | SVN 57 (Navstar 61) USA-199 | (IIRM-C1) (2R-18M) (L1C/A, L2C) (RB) |
| 30 | 30 | GPS | 39533 | SVN 64 (Navstar 69) USA-248 | (IIF-A3) (2F-5) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| 31 | 31 | GPS | 29486 | SVN 52 (Navstar 58) USA-190 | (IIRM-A2) (2R-15M) (L1C/A, L2C) (RB) |
| 32 | 32 | GPS | 41328 | SVN 70 (Navstar 76) USA-266 | (IIF-F1) (2F-12) (L1C/A, L2C, L5) (RB) |
| PRN | NMEA | System | NORAD | Identification | Notes |
| 121 | 34 | SBAS | 44624 | Eutelsat 5WB | (5° W) (APR 2024) |
| 122 | 35 | SouthPAN | 28628 | Inmarsat 4-F1 | (143.5° E) (L1, L5) (JAN 2023) First SBAS in southern hemisphere |
| 123 | 36 | EGNOS | 39617 | Astra 5B | (31.5° E) (NOV 2021) |
| 125 | 38 | SDCM | 38977 | LUCH-5B | (16° W) (DEC 2021) |
| 126 | 39 | EGNOS | 28899 | Inmarsat 4-F2 (IOR-W) | (63.9° E) (APR 2023) |
| 127 | 40 | GAGAN | 37605 | GSAT-8 | (55° E) (JUN 2030) |
| 128 | 41 | GAGAN | 38779 | GSAT-10 | (83° E) (JUN 2030) |
| 129 | 42 | MSAS | 42917 | QZS-3 (Michibiki-3) | (127° E) (SEP 2029) (SVN = 003) (Multi PRN Broadcast) |
| 130 | 43 | SNAS | 36287 | BDSBAS (G1) | (140° E) (AUG 2030) |
| 131 | 44 | WAAS | 41589 | Eutelsat 117 West B | (117° W) (MAR 2028) |
| 132 | 52 | GAGAN | 41028 | GSAT-15 | (93.5° E) (NOV 2025) |
| 133 | 46 | WAAS | 42709 | SES-15 | (129° W) (OCT 2029) |
| 134 | 47 | KAAS | 52904 | MEASAT-3D | (91.5° E) Launched 23JUN22 (gpsworld) |
| 135 | 48 | WAAS | 46114 | Galaxy 30 | (125° W) (JUL 2029) |
| 136 | 49 | EGNOS | 38652 | SES-5 | (5° E) (NOV 2021) (a.k.a. Sirius 5 or Astra 4B) |
| 137 | 50 | MSAS | 42917 | QZS-3 (Michibiki-3) | (127° E) (SEP 2029) (SVN = 003) (Multi PRN Broadcast) |
| 138 | 51 | WAAS | 28868 | Anik F1-R | (107.3° W) (JUL 2022) |
| 140 | 53 | SDCM | 39727 | LUCH-5V | (95° E) (DEC 2021) |
| 141 | 54 | SDCM | 37951 | LUCH-5A | (167° E) (DEC 2021) |
| 143 | 56 | SNAS | 36590 | BDSBAS (G3) | (110.5° E) (AUG 2030) |
| 144 | 57 | SNAS | 34779 | BDSBAS (G2) | (80° E) (AUG 2030) |
| Slot | NMEA | System | NORAD | Identification | Notes |
| 01 | 65 | GLONASS | 36111 | 730 (COSMOS 2456) | (GN 65) (I) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 02 | 66 | GLONASS | 39155 | 747 (COSMOS 2485) | (GN 66) (I) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 03 | 67 | GLONASS | 37867 | 744 (COSMOS 2476) | (GN 67) (I) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 04 | 68 | GLONASS | 44850 | 759 (COSMOS 2544) | (GN 68) (I) (M) |
| 05 | 69 | GLONASS | 43508 | 756 (COSMOS 2527) | (GN 69) (I) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 06 | 70 | GLONASS | 36112 | 733 (COSMOS 2457) | (GN 70) (I) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 07 | 71 | GLONASS | 37868 | 745 (COSMOS 2477) | (GN 71) (I) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 08 | 72 | GLONASS | 37869 | 743 (COSMOS 2475) | (GN 72) (I) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 09 | 73 | GLONASS | 40315 | 702 (COSMOS 2501) | (GN 73) (II) (K1) (G1C, G2C, L3) (CS) |
| 10 | 74 | GLONASS | 32395 | 723 (COSMOS 2436) | (GN 74) (II) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 11 | 75 | GLONASS | 46805 | 705 (COSMOS 2547) | (GN 75) (II) (K1) |
| 12 | 76 | GLONASS | 44299 | 758 (COSMOS 2534) | (GN 76) (II) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 13 | 77 | GLONASS | 32393 | 721 (COSMOS 2434) | (GN 77) (II) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 14 | 78 | GLONASS | 42939 | 752 (COSMOS 2522) | (GN 78) (II) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 15 | 79 | GLONASS | 43687 | 757 (COSMOS 2529) | (GN 79) (II) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 16 | 80 | GLONASS | 37139 | 736 (COSMOS 2464) | (GN 80) (II) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 17 | 81 | GLONASS | 41330 | 751 (COSMOS 2514) | (GN 81) (III) (M+) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 18 | 82 | GLONASS | 39620 | 754 (COSMOS 2492) | (GN 82) (III) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 19 | 83 | GLONASS | 32275 | 720 (COSMOS 2433) | (GN 83) (III) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 20 | 84 | GLONASS | 32276 | 719 (COSMOS 2432) | (GN 84) (III) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 21 | 85 | GLONASS | 40001 | 755 (COSMOS 2500) | (GN 85) (III) (M+) (G1C, G2C, L3) (CS) |
| 22 | 86 | GLONASS | 52984 | 706 (COSMOS 2557) | (GN 86) (III) (K1) |
| 23 | 87 | GLONASS | 36402 | 732 (COSMOS 2460) | (GN 87) (III) (M) (G1C, G2C) (CS) |
| 24 | 88 | GLONASS | 45358 | 760 (COSMOS 2545) | (GN 88) (III) (M) |
| 25 | 89 | GLONASS | 54031 | 707 (COSMOS 2559) | (GN 89) (K1) |
| PRN | NMEA | System | NORAD | Identification | Notes |
| E01 | 01 | Galileo | 41550 | Galileo 13 (26A) | (GSAT0210) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) Declared unusable 31AUG22 (NAGU 2022035) |
| E02 | 02 | Galileo | 41549 | Galileo 14 (26B) | (GSAT0211) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E03 | 03 | Galileo | 41860 | Galileo 16 (26C) | (GSAT0212) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E04 | 04 | Galileo | 41861 | Galileo 17 (26D) | (GSAT0213) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E05 | 05 | Galileo | 41862 | Galileo 18 (26E) | (GSAT0214) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E06 | 06 | Galileo | |||
| E07 | 07 | Galileo | 41859 | Galileo 15 (267) | (GSAT0207) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E08 | 08 | Galileo | 41175 | Galileo 11 (268) | (GSAT0208) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E09 | 09 | Galileo | 41174 | Galileo 12 (269) | (GSAT0209) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E10 | 10 | Galileo | 49810 | Galileo 28 (224) | (GSAT0224) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM) |
| E11 | 11 | Galileo | 37846 | Galileo-PFM | (GSAT0101) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM) |
| E12 | 12 | Galileo | 37847 | Galileo-FM2 | (GSAT0102) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E13 | 13 | Galileo | 43567 | Galileo 24 (2C0) | (GSAT0220) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E14 | 14 | Galileo | 40129 | Galileo 6 (262) | (GSAT0202) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) Declared unusable 16FEB21 (NAGU 2021008) |
| E15 | 15 | Galileo | 43564 | Galileo 25 (2C1) | (GSAT0221) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E16 | 16 | Galileo | |||
| E17 | 17 | Galileo | |||
| E18 | 18 | Galileo | 40128 | Galileo 5 (261) | (GSAT0201) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) Declared unusable 16FEB21 (NAGU 2021008) |
| E19 | 19 | Galileo | 38857 | Galileo-FM3 | (GSAT0103) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM) |
| E20 | 20 | Galileo | 38858 | Galileo-FM4 | (GSAT0104) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) Payload power problem 27MAY14 (NAGU 2014014) |
| E21 | 21 | Galileo | 43055 | Galileo 19 (2C5) | (GSAT0215) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E22 | 22 | Galileo | 40545 | GSAT0204 | (GSAT0204) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) Removed from service 08DEC17 (NAGU 2017045) |
| E23 | 23 | Galileo | |||
| E24 | 24 | Galileo | 40889 | Galileo 9 (205) | (GSAT0205) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E25 | 25 | Galileo | 43056 | Galileo 20 (2C6) | (GSAT0216) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E26 | 26 | Galileo | 40544 | GSAT0203 | (GSAT0203) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E27 | 27 | Galileo | 43057 | Galileo 21 (2C7) | (GSAT0217) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E28 | 28 | Galileo | |||
| E29 | 29 | Galileo | |||
| E30 | 30 | Galileo | 40890 | Galileo 10 (206) | (GSAT0206) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E31 | 31 | Galileo | 43058 | Galileo 22 (2C8) | (GSAT0218) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E32 | 32 | Galileo | |||
| E33 | 33 | Galileo | 43565 | Galileo 26 (2C2) | (GSAT0222) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| E34 | 34 | Galileo | 49809 | Galileo 27 (223) | (GSAT0223) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM) |
| E35 | 35 | Galileo | |||
| E36 | 36 | Galileo | 43566 | Galileo 23 (2C9) | (GSAT0219) (E1, E5a, E5b, E6) (PHM, RAFS) |
| PRN | NMEA | System | NORAD | Identification | Notes |
| C01 | 01 | BeiDou-2 | 44231 | BeiDou GEO-8 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C02 | 02 | BeiDou-2 | 38953 | BeiDou GEO-6 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C03 | 03 | BeiDou-2 | 41586 | BeiDou GEO-7 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C04 | 04 | BeiDou-2 | 37210 | BeiDou GEO-4 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C05 | 05 | BeiDou-2 | 38091 | BeiDou GEO-5 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C06 | 06 | BeiDou-2 | 36828 | BeiDou IGSO-1 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C07 | 07 | BeiDou-2 | 37256 | BeiDou IGSO-2 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C08 | 08 | BeiDou-2 | 37384 | BeiDou IGSO-3 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C09 | 09 | BeiDou-2 | 37763 | BeiDou IGSO-4 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C10 | 10 | BeiDou-2 | 37948 | BeiDou IGSO-5 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C11 | 11 | BeiDou-2 | 38250 | BeiDou MEO-3 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C12 | 12 | BeiDou-2 | 38251 | BeiDou MEO-4 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C13 | 13 | BeiDou-2 | 41434 | BeiDou IGSO-6 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C14 | 14 | BeiDou-2 | 38775 | BeiDou MEO-6 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C16 | 16 | BeiDou-2 | 43539 | BeiDou IGSO-7 | (BDS-2) (B1I, B2I, B3I) (RB) |
| C19 | 19 | BeiDou-3 | 43001 | BeiDou 3 MEO-1 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C20 | 20 | BeiDou-3 | 43002 | BeiDou 3 MEO-2 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C21 | 21 | BeiDou-3 | 43208 | BeiDou 3 MEO-3 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C22 | 22 | BeiDou-3 | 43207 | BeiDou 3 MEO-4 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C23 | 23 | BeiDou-3 | 43581 | BeiDou 3 MEO-5 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C24 | 24 | BeiDou-3 | 43582 | BeiDou 3 MEO-6 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C25 | 25 | BeiDou-3 | 43603 | BeiDou 3 MEO-11 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C26 | 26 | BeiDou-3 | 43602 | BeiDou 3 MEO-12 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C27 | 27 | BeiDou-3 | 43107 | BeiDou 3 MEO-7 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C28 | 28 | BeiDou-3 | 43108 | BeiDou 3 MEO-8 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C29 | 29 | BeiDou-3 | 43245 | BeiDou 3 MEO-9 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C30 | 30 | BeiDou-3 | 43246 | BeiDou 3 MEO-10 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C32 | 32 | BeiDou-3 | 43622 | BeiDou 3 MEO-13 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C33 | 33 | BeiDou-3 | 43623 | BeiDou 3 MEO-14 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C34 | 34 | BeiDou-3 | 43648 | BeiDou 3 MEO-15 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C35 | 35 | BeiDou-3 | 43647 | BeiDou 3 MEO-16 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C36 | 36 | BeiDou-3 | 43706 | BeiDou 3 MEO-17 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C37 | 37 | BeiDou-3 | 43707 | BeiDou 3 MEO-18 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C38 | 38 | BeiDou-3 | 44204 | BeiDou 3 IGSO-1 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C39 | 39 | BeiDou-3 | 44337 | BeiDou 3 IGSO-2 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C40 | 40 | BeiDou-3 | 44709 | BeiDou 3 IGSO-3 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C41 | 41 | BeiDou-3 | 44864 | BeiDou 3 MEO-19 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C42 | 42 | BeiDou-3 | 44865 | BeiDou 3 MEO-20 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (RB) |
| C43 | 43 | BeiDou-3 | 44793 | BeiDou 3 MEO-21 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C44 | 44 | BeiDou-3 | 44794 | BeiDou 3 MEO-22 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C45 | 45 | BeiDou-3 | 44543 | BeiDou 3 MEO-23 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C46 | 46 | BeiDou-3 | 44542 | BeiDou 3 MEO-24 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B1C, B2a, B2b) (H) |
| C59 | 59 | BeiDou-3 | 43683 | BeiDou 3 GEO-1 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B2b) (140° E) (H) |
| C60 | 60 | BeiDou-3 | 45344 | BeiDou 3 GEO-2 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B2b) (80° E) (H) |
| C61 | 61 | BeiDou-3 | 45807 | BeiDou 3 GEO-3 | (BDS-3) (B1I, B3I, B2b) (110.5° E) (H) |
| PRN | NMEA | System | NORAD | Identification | Notes |
| I01 | 01 | NavIC | 39199 | IRNSS-1A | (IGSO) (L5, S) (RB) Used only for short message broadcast service following atomic clock failure |
| I02 | 02 | NavIC | 39635 | IRNSS-1B | (IGSO) (L5, S) (RB) |
| I03 | 03 | NavIC | 40269 | IRNSS-1C | (GEO) (L5, S) (RB) |
| I04 | 04 | NavIC | 40547 | IRNSS-1D | (IGSO) (L5, S) (RB) |
| I05 | 05 | NavIC | 41241 | IRNSS-1E | (IGSO) (L5, S) (RB) |
| I06 | 06 | NavIC | 41384 | IRNSS-1F | (GEO) (L5, S) (RB) |
| I07 | 07 | NavIC | 41469 | IRNSS-1G | (GEO) (L5, S) (RB) |
| I09 | 09 | NavIC | 43286 | IRNSS-1I | (IGSO) (L5, S) (RB) Replacement for failed IRNSS-1H (originally intended for IRNSS-1A) |
| PRN | NMEA | System | NORAD | Identification | Notes |
| 193 | Q1 | QZSS | 37158 | QZS-1 (Michibiki) | (QZO) (L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L5) (RB) (AUG 2025) (SVN=001) Shifted to standby operation 25MAR22 (NAQU 2022059) |
| 194 | Q2 | QZSS | 42738 | QZS-2 (Michibiki-2) | (QZO) (L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L5) (RB) (AUG 2025) (SVN=002) |
| 195 | Q4 | QZSS | 42965 | QZS-4 (Michibiki-4) | (QZO) (L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L5) (RB) (AUG 2025) (SVN=004) |
| 196 | Q5 | QZSS | 49336 | QZS-1R (Michibiki-1R) | (QZO) (L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L5) (RB) (AUG 2025) (SVN=005) |
| 199 | Q3 | QZSS | 42917 | QZS-3 (Michibiki-3) | (GEO) (L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L5) (RB) (AUG 2025) (SVN=003) (127° E) (Multi PRN Broadcast) |
What's Up?
- Have you ever wondered what satellites and other low orbit objects are flying over you right now?
- View all available GPS satellites positioned at minimum 20° above the horizon for your current location.
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